It is known that the quality of life in cities deteriorates by population growth, unplanned densification and social inequalities. In parallel, ecosystems reduce its capacity due to the production system. Urban agriculture can minimize these problems. So, the authors investigated the possible contributions of Social Enterprises for its development in Brazil and England. In theory, did empirical research on urban agriculture in Belo Horizonte and London. The authors found that cities emerged to guarantee citizens' welfare ", however, they have become a space dominated by fear (Bauman, 2009). To a large extent, the economic and financial systems explain the fact, therefore, Ferreira (2009) noted that a crisis in the system produces a knock-on effect that affects the social. Bauman attributes to capitalism the burden of this result and Wood (2001) emphasizes that the system increases inequalities, destroy natural resources and poisons the atmosphere. The authors verify in Lévesque (2007), the possibility of resuming sustainable development. The problem is that capitalism does not recognize the social dimension of the economy. Accordingly, social enterprises minimize inequalities (YUNUS, 2007). However, the theme is polysemic and approach it requires care (Lewis, 1988; ALVES, 2004; COMINI and Theodosius, 2012). The limits of the Social Enterprise term is not defined, but Evers and Laville (2004) present their requirements: high degree of autonomy; social activities; participation of civil society; contrast to the market and reversal of the results to the community. This company makes up the third sector with nonprofits, cooperatives and associations. The main authors that discuss are: Defourny and Nyssens (2007), Evers and Laville (2004), Evers and Schulze-Boing (2001), Jēgers (2008), Laville and Nyssens (2001). Its differential is the mobilization of social capital and the establishment of economic relations. In Alves (2001), the American researcher Blair concluded that there are flaws in the concept of Social Enterprise, therefore, did not prosper for the ideal form in the 60 and 70. Then, a Company focused on the generation of wealth emerged, however, so socially responsible. In agriculture, the authors found that, between 1970 and 1990, there was the global growth rate of 2.0% per year, then reduced to 1.1% and an estimated 0.8% per year for the next decade (GASQUES et al ., 2012). The population quadrupled in the last century, and will continue to grow, according Abramovay (2008), ecosystems are losing their capacity, so it lacks food. Costa e Silva (2012), the method employed by capitalism increases productivity, however, degrades the environment and accelerate the rural exodus. However, there are viable alternatives to offer food in the coming decades. Abramovay supports the intensification of small farming without pesticides and Costa e Silva (2012) suggests a reversal of artificialized processes. Aquinas and Assisi (2007) present urban agriculture as food production or breeding in cities. It takes into account the interrelationship between man, farming, animal, environment and facilities offered by urban infrastructure. The main elements that define it are: type of activity, products, allocation, production systems, use of the products and scale. As for the methodology, there was a qualitative research with multiple case study for comparison contexts. It collected data through interviews, documents and observation (Yin, 2005; Eisenhardt, 1989). The literature review showed that urban agriculture, both in Brazil and in England: produces very pleasurable and is, for-profit, can consume organic waste and is often informal. In Brazil: depends on the government, the hand-work is disqualified and the predominant failure. In England, the government does not support, the hand labor is qualified and predominates success (Petts, 2002; Faria et al 2007; BORGES, 2013.). The empirical results in Belo Horizonte, there is community involvement and the government handle the production, however, the project fails for abandonment. In London, the field has shown that the real estate holding excluded producers. There are small farms that survive on government support, volunteering and donations. There are productive, however, function as entertainment free space. This work responded to the research question when identified faults can be corrected by the theoretical model. We suggest applying it.
Keywords: Social Enterprise, Urban Agriculture, Economic System.
