The Effects of New Technologies on Co-Production and Co-Creation: A Conceptual Framework

New technologies are expected to encourage co-production and co-creation. However, we still know fairly little about the actual effects – an unfortunate condition perpetuated by terminological confusion and tech-optimism.... [ view full abstract ]

New technologies are expected to encourage co-production and co-creation. However, we still know fairly little about the actual effects – an unfortunate condition perpetuated by terminological confusion and tech-optimism. All types of technologies, types of citizen involvement and types of effects are tossed together, which makes it hard to determine what is real and what works in which context. The risk of new technologies to co-production and co-creation receive far less attention than the potential benefits. Our paper develops a conceptual framework that distinguishes between the different potential effects of different technologies on different aspects of co-production and co-creation. The framework is illustrated with a number of recent empirical cases.