A Qualitative Multi-Methods Approach for Perceived Urban Built Environment for Physical Activity of Older Adults

Purpose This study aims to explore perceived urban built environment attributes for physical activity of older adults in a metropolitan city, utilizing a qualitative multi-methods approach that combines interviews and spatial... [ view full abstract ]

Purpose

This study aims to explore perceived urban built environment attributes for physical activity of older adults in a metropolitan city, utilizing a qualitative multi-methods approach that combines interviews and spatial information.

Methods

In an urban neighborhood in northeastern Seoul with a substantial proportion of elderly residents, 34 older adults aged 65 and over participated in one-on-one interviews between May and October 2015 to describe and explain perceived urban built environment for physical activity. A time chart and a community map were used as visual data collection tools in the interviews. In addition the research team visited the community over 70 times for walking tours, conducted 17 guided tours with the interview participants, and held 2 focus group sessions with community service providers for the elderly to observe and discuss built environment issues.

Conclusions

Multi-methods qualitative approach is advantageous for multifaceted assessment of the perception of physical activity-related urban built environment by analyzing both visual and text information. Physical activity meant being able to practice daily routines for the elderly participants in this study, whose perceived urban neighborhood was within a radius of 600 meters. Time charting of daily routine informed that the elderly tend to be active in early morning hours.

Major attributes of perceived urban environment for physical activity of the elderly include pleasantness and upkeep, accessibility, safety, familiarity, offering social opportunities, and socially healthy atmosphere in public places. While several types of public transportation are located close to residential areas, cost determined the usage and associated walking. Safety for walking was of concern as most of the streets in the community are mixed traffic streets. The findings of this study highlight how urban environment is used and managed matters in addition to what is available where for physical activity of older adults.