The development and testing of the Person-centred Practice Inventory (PCPI)

Context and Background The promotion of person-centred cultures has the capacity to make a significant difference in the care experiences of patients and staff. Contextual factors pose the greatest challenge to... [ view full abstract ]

Context and Background
The promotion of person-centred cultures has the capacity to make a significant difference in the care experiences of patients and staff. Contextual factors pose the greatest challenge to person-centredness and the development of cultures that can sustain person-centred care. Understanding of the key contextual factors has been greatly enhanced with the development of the Person-centred Practice Framework. The Person-Centred Practice Framework consists of 21 constructs representing 4 broader concentric concepts. No instrument currently exists to measure the constructs of the Person-centred Practice Framework.



Aim of the study
To develop and test the Person-centred Practice Inventory as a measure of the Practice-centred Practice Framework.


Research Methodology
An explanatory sequential design was used to achieve the aim of the study. Qualitative method involving a purposive sample of experts in Person-centred Practice (n=33) participated in an iterative Delhi technique to reach consensus on the definitions and items for each construct. A cross sectional survey design involving a convenience sample of 2250 registered nurses drawn from across 4 Health and Social Care Trusts in Northern Ireland was used to psychometrically test the emergent instrument. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to ensure the psychometric property of the PCPI. Full ethical approval was sought and gained throughout.


Key findings
A response rate of 31% (n=689) was achieved drawn from across a broad range of clinical settings, banding and experience in the post. Consensus on the key definitions of the Person-centred Practice framework as achieved after three rounds. A panel of 98 items were generated in two rounds of the Delphi. The measurement model was refined to produce a 59 itemed instrument with factor loading score of 0.40 and over and acceptable fit indices.

Conclusions
The Person-centred Practice Inventory emerged as a valid and reliable measure instrument to measure Person-centred Practice.