The relation between attachment quality and executive functions

Background: A recent study revealed a clear relation between executive functions and attachment security in preschool children (Bernier, Beauchamp, Carlson & Lalonde, 2015). In our research we examined the interaction of these... [ view full abstract ]

Background:
A recent study revealed a clear relation between executive functions and attachment security in preschool children (Bernier, Beauchamp, Carlson & Lalonde, 2015). In our research we examined the interaction of these cognitive and affective functions in school-aged children (10 – 12 yr). Two studies were performed in order to highlight the relation between attachment quality and executive functions.

Method:
We performed two studies, in total 208 children participated, they were recruited from normal and special education as well as different hospital settings. Traditional and performance based assessments of executive functions were administered from children (CANTAB – BADS) and parents (BRIEF) , as well as assessments of attachment security (Security Scale, People In My Life, ECR-C) and participation (CAPE) .

Results:
The first study showed a relationship between executive functions and attachment security e.g. (spatial working memory – PIML; r = -.535; p<.001). The second study using an ecological valid instrument to measure executive functions failed to replicate these results. However, we found some remarkable differences in the objective executive functions of the children and the parental observed executive functions of the children.

Conclusion:
This study reveals an inconclusive relationship between executive functions and attachment security in school aged children. Possible explanations of the results are discussed.

Application to practice:
Occupational therapists can benefit from this research that indicates a possible relation between previously supposed unlinked concepts. An integrative approach that implements the results from the research into the practice of occupational therapists will be described.