"Memory & Lifestyle": exploring the impact of an occupational therapy intervention on the health and well-being of adults with mild cognitive impairment in a primary care setting

Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is understood to be a stage in between normal cognition and dementia. Multi-factorial memory and lifestyle groups which provide education on memory processes and strategies to deal... [ view full abstract ]

Background
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is understood to be a stage in between normal cognition and dementia. Multi-factorial memory and lifestyle groups which provide education on memory processes and strategies to deal with everyday memory complaints have proved effective in increasing confidence, improving performance in activities of daily living and memory self-efficacy (Greenaway, Duncan & Smith, 2013). Limited research has been conducted into such group intervention programmes in Ireland.

Methods
This exploratory study gathered qualitative data through a focus group immediately post intervention to explore participants’ experiences of the occupational therapy group.

Results
Thematic analysis revealed three themes: (i) Memory Concern (ii) Empowerment (iii) Group cohesion and support. Worry and uncertainty regarding memory complaints featured heavily in participants minds. Education on lifestyle factors and memory processes in a supportive group environment increased participants understanding of memory processes and confidence in their daily routines. Adopting strategies and healthy lifestyle behaviours positively impacted their lives including increased sense of control during functional activities.

Conclusions
Intervening early, providing education on memory and lifestyle has increased participants confidence in memory and routine. Further research is recommended to examine the effectiveness of multi-factorial interventions in a primary care setting for people with MCI

Applications to practice
Early interventions for MCI in primary care can contribute to dementia risk factor reduction

Reference
Greenaway, M C, Duncan, N L and Smith, G E (2013). The memory support system for mild cognitive impairment: randomized trial of a cognitive rehabilitation intervention. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28: 402–409