Although there is no single definition of ontology, largely due to the multiplicity of domains in which it is applied, an ontology can be defined as the particular vocabulary specification of a certain domain. An ontology may... [ view full abstract ]
Although there is no single definition of ontology, largely due to the multiplicity of domains in which it is applied, an ontology can be defined as the particular vocabulary specification of a certain domain. An ontology may be just a list of terms (glossary) or involve the use of a formal logic to define semantic rules of vocabulary. Consequently, a Public Administration transparency ontology defines a common vocabulary to represent the field of knowledge related to public transparency and public officials’ accountability.
Based on an ontology for transparency developed within the context of the Portuguese Public Administration, this paper presents an example of an ontology evaluation process and aims to discuss the importance of this stage in the final output. Given that this is a domain, light weight and semiformal ontology, the evaluation process focused mainly on its content and not on its representation and other technical-oriented aspects.
The ontology evaluation comprised two distinct stages of the development process. In the first validation stage, some journalists were invited to validate the informational items, given their role as information brokers. In a later stage, experts on topics related directly or indirectly with public administration were asked to validate a dynamic representation of the ontology and a possible practical application of it (proof of concept). In both validation stages, semi-structured interviews were conducted. In the last stage a focus group was also used.
The main goal of this evaluation process was to submit the ontology to an external look that enabled a more rigorous selection of the information contained within. The process also made possible to take into account the perspective of different stakeholders in what concerns information considered relevant by citizens, enhancing public officials´ transparency and increasing its accountability, essential goals of open government.
Keywords: transparency; accountability; ontologies; evaluation; open government.
