Purpose
The purpose of this study is to clarify the current child-raising condition and the relation between its situation and the awareness of corporal punishment. This study is preliminary research for the effectiveness measurement of the parenting program.
Methods
We focused the parents of three-year-old child who was set to medical checkup in public health centers, because some problem behaviors appear around this age. We asked the questionnaire to 1,466 parents in W-city from Nov.2015 to May 2016. The previous investigations were carried in A-city (1980) and H-city (2003). The questionnaire was performed in the same previous fashion. The questionnaire was consisted of 22 items about feeling of child raising, and 28 items of parental behaviors for child raising, awareness of corporal punishment and child care supports. The statistical significant was set as P<0.01.
Results
We report the results of 1,211 parents(collection rate=82.6%). The ratio of corporal punishment to the child was 66.8% in A-city (1980) and 67.7 in H-city (2003), but decreased to 44.9% in W-city (2015). As the ratio of other item showed in the chronological order as (A-city, H-city, W-city), the existence of helper of child care was（62%, 88.5%, 97.1%）, but the ratio increased as in irritable feeling (16.5%, 42.8%, 25.3%）and anxiety (59.1%, 72%, 75.9%). The corporal punishment showed significant relations to the psychological items, such as irritation, discomfort, burden and anxiety, showed significant as in child care behavior, such as interference, comparison to other child, and prohibition. The parents without experience for child care before having their own child were chronologically higher as in dandling or playing with baby, as in feeding and changing diapers.
Conclusion
The parents need for the opportunity to learn the way of making good relationships with their child and good communication among parents.
