Predator Deterrent Systems: Preventing Livestock Depredation

Human-carnivore conflict (HCC) is a serious issue threatening apex predator populations on a global scale. Across Africa, active persecution by people based on real or perceived threats to themselves or their livestock is a... [ view full abstract ]

Human-carnivore conflict (HCC) is a serious issue threatening apex predator populations on a global scale. Across Africa, active persecution by people based on real or perceived threats to themselves or their livestock is a leading cause in the disappearance of medium-to-large predators outside of protected areas. To ensure future survival of predators, it is important for researchers to come up with mitigation strategies to help conserve carnivores conservation and to enhance coexistence between humans and wildlife.

Students affiliated with Action for Cheetahs in Kenya (ACK) tested the effectiveness, affordability and cultural feasibility of several non-lethal deterrent systems using a combination of approaches to minimize human wildlife conflict.

• In 2014, ACK undertook a pilot study to test the effectiveness of Night Guard and the Lion-Elephant Deterrent System (LEDS) lights to determine if the deterrents minimized wildlife visitation, and if anthropogenic activities had an impact on wildlife visitation.
• In 2015, ACK examined the ‘actual’ versus ‘perceived’ conflict by comparing pastoralist interview reports with camera trapping and tracking, and compared the LEDS and FoxLight alternatives in reducing carnivore visitation and attack frequency.
• In 2016, ACK used solar powered FoxLights with and without reflective tapes. Interviews evaluated the relationship between kraal (boma) characteristics and predation events and the economic value of deterrent systems to the local community.

Results of these thesis projects provide ACK with knowledge that the systems combined with increased vigilance in maintaining a strong visual barrier can reduce predator visitation. However, reluctance to cater for the costs and the lack of technical skills for system maintenance limits the feasibility of the implementation of the systems in pastoral and subsistence communities.