In collaborative work, rather than synchronizing actions suddenly, we inform the other parties of the timing of the action using our utterances. In such work, the actions are not necessarily perfectly synchronized from the... [ view full abstract ]
In collaborative work, rather than synchronizing actions suddenly, we inform the other parties of the timing of the action using our utterances. In such work, the actions are not necessarily perfectly synchronized from the beginning; the participants control the utterance and the movements to predict the timing of the next action each other, and at the most important moment the action synchrony is adjusted. Then, how the participants spontaneously use their vocalization and movements to predict the timing their action to synchronize the mutual actions? In this presentation, we observe the action synchrony in Janken ("the Rock, Paper and Scissors") to study the problem.
Janken is a very popular game regardless of age in Japan . In most cases, Janken does not have a referee who controls timing, and players adjust the timing to voluntarily release fists. In this regard, Janken is not only a game to decide win or lose, but also a game where multiple people synchronize their movements.
In this study, we asked the 15 pairs 30 participants to play Janken and analyzed how their body movements accompanying utterance are adjusted. For the analysis, we used Kendon's classification of gesture phases and segmented the arm movement for each stroke. As a result, it was found that the deviation of the timing of the motion was corrected mainly in the first half of the play. In the first half section where they used the call "Saisho wa guu (Rock for the first)", the up and down direction of movement or the timing of movement was shifted among participants at the beginning. However, participants synchronized their movements within a few strokes by waiting for the stroke of the opponent at the start or the end of the stroke, or by changing the length of the distance of the stroke. In addition, it was found that the phoneme structure of utterance contributed for adjusting a time frame of these stroke.
Based on the result of this research, we propose "Motor Coordination Hypothesis" to explain collaborative work in our communication system .
