H.C.A.s' experiences of oral hygiene care in elderly residents.

Aim: The aim of this research is to explore the experiences of health care assistants (H.C.A.s) of oral health care in elderly residents. Background: Oral health impacts on general health. The increased incidence of... [ view full abstract ]

Aim: The aim of this research is to explore the experiences of health care assistants (H.C.A.s) of oral health care in elderly residents.

Background: Oral health impacts on general health. The increased incidence of diseases of the oral cavity in the elderly is linked to higher levels of functional dependency, polypharmacy, frailty, dementia and comorbidities. As the responsibility for this area of care usually lies with health care assistants an understanding of their views about oral care may contribute to improving oral health in elderly residents.

Method: Qualitative descriptive study using eleven semi-structured interviews with health care assistants. Data from participants recruited through purposive sampling was analysed using Thomas’ (2006) general inductive approach.

Setting: Two sites in the Leinster area.

Results: Three themes emerged. H.C.A.s’ experiences of carrying out oral hygiene care was the first theme. There was a willingness to provide this care. Secondly the prevalence and level of oral hygiene care revealed that care was not delivered consistently and reasons for this were given. Various barriers discussed showed a need for further education and training of staff. Participants were familiar with equipment and techniques on how to perform oral hygiene and reports were positive regarding involvement of professional dental care. Interventions to improve oral hygiene care was the third theme to emerge. Various strategies were reported on how to reduce resistive behaviour of residents during care. Participants acknowledged autonomy of residents by respecting their decision to refuse care. Education of staff was also reported to be an important aspect of the provision of oral hygiene care.

Conclusion: The study identified enthusiastic attitudes of H.C.A.s towards oral hygiene care though some reported that it can be perceived as an unpleasant task. Barriers exist to the delivery of this hygiene need however. Challenging behaviour of residents who resist care could be overcome by using strategies to manage these behaviours though participants acknowledged the rights of residents to refuse such care. The role of professional dental assessment and treatment and education in maintaining good oral health were also acknowledged in the study. The need for further education and training was apparent.